• Breakthrough infections with the omicron and delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 result in similar re-activation of vaccine-induced immunity 

      Søraas, Arne Vasli; Grødeland, Gunnveig; Granerud, Beathe Kiland; Ueland, Thor; Lind, Andreas; Fevang, Børre; Murphy, Sarah Louise Mikalsen; Huse, Camilla; Nygaard, Anders Benteson; Steffensen, Anne Katrine; Al-Baldawi, Huda; Holberg-Petersen, Mona; Andresen, Lise Lima; Ågnes, Camilla; Ranheim, Trine; Schanke, Ylva; Istre, Mette Stausland; Dahl, John Arne; Chopra, Adity; Dudman, Susanne; Kaarbø, Mari; Andersen, Jan Terje; Vaage, Eline Benno; Tran, Trung The; Vaage, John Torgils; Michelsen, Annika Elisabet; Müller, Fredrik; Aukrust, Pål; Halvorsen, Bente Evy; Dahl, Tuva Børresdatter; Holter, Jan Cato; Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-08)
      Background: Results showing that sera from double vaccinated individuals have minimal neutralizing activity against Omicron have been interpreted as indicating the need for a third vaccine dose for protection. However, there is little information about early immune responses to Omicron infection in double vaccinated individuals.<p> <p>Methods: We measured inflammatory mediators, antibodies to the ...
    • Elevated plasma sTIM-3 levels in patients with severe COVID-19 

      Ueland, Thor; Heggelund, Lars; Lind, Andreas; Holten, Aleksander Rygh; Tonby, Kristian; Michelsen, Annika; Jenum, Synne; Jørgensen, Marthe Jøntvedt; Barratt-Due, Andreas; Skeie, Linda Gail; Nordøy, Ingvild; Aanensen Fraz, Mai Sasaki; Paulsen, Else Quist; Pischke, Soeren; Johal, Simreen Kaur; Hesstvedt, Liv; Bogen, Mette; Fevang, Børre; Halvorsen, Bente; Müller, Fredrik; Bekken, Gry Kloumann; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Dudman, Susanne Gjeruldsen; Aukrust, Pål; Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Ma; Holter, Jan Cato (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-21)
      <i>Background</i> - The pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still incompletely understood, but it seems to involve immune activation and immune dysregulation.<p> <p><i>Objective</i> - We examined the parameters of activation of different leukocyte subsets in COVID-19–infected patients in relation to disease severity.<p> <p><i>Methods</i> - We analyzed plasma levels of ...
    • Gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine N-oxide associates with inflammation in common variable immunodeficiency 

      Macpherson, Magnhild Eide; Hov, Johannes Espolin Roksund; Ueland, Thor; Dahl, Tuva Børresdatter; Kummen, Martin; Otterdal, Kari; Holm, Kristian; Berge, Rolf Kristian; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Trøseid, Marius; Halvorsen, Bente; Aukrust, Pål; Fevang, Børre; Jørgensen, Silje Fjellgård (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-16)
      A substantial proportion of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) have inflammatory and autoimmune complications of unknown etiology. We have previously shown that systemic inflammation in CVID correlates with their gut microbial dysbiosis. The gut microbiota dependent metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been linked to several metabolic and inflammatory disorders, but has ...
    • High circulating levels of the homeostatic chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 predict mortality and disease severity in Covid-19 

      Tveita, Anders Aune; Murphy, Sarah Louise Mikalsen; Holter, Jan Cato; Kildal, Anders Benjamin; Michelsen, Annika Elisabet; Lerum, Tøri Vigeland; Kaarbø, Mari; Heggelund, Lars; Holten, Aleksander Rygh; Finbråten, Ane-Kristine; Muller, Karl Erik; Mathiessen, Alexander; Bøe, Simen; Fevang, Børre; Granerud, Beathe Kiland; Tonby, Kristian; Lind, Andreas; Dudman, Susanne; Nezvalova-Henriksen, Katerina; Müller, Fredrik; Skjønsberg, Ole Henning; Trøseid, Marius; Barratt-Due, Andreas; Riise, Anne Margarita Dyrhol; Aukrust, Pål; Halvorsen, Bente Evy; Dahl, Tuva Børresdatter; Ueland, Thor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-25)
      Background. Immune dysregulation is a major factor in the development of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The homeostatic chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 have been implicated as mediators of tissue inflammation, but data on their regulation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is limited. We thus investigated the levels of these chemokines in COVID-19 ...
    • Impaired HDL function amplifies systemic inflammation in common variable immunodeficiency 

      Macpherson, Magnhild Eide; Halvorsen, Bente; Yndestad, Arne; Ueland, Thor; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Berge, Rolf Kristian; Rashidi, Azita; Otterdal, Kari; Gregersen, Ida; Kong, Xiang Yi; Holven, Kirsten Bjørklund; Aukrust, Pål; Fevang, Børre; Jørgensen, Silje Fjellgård (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-07-01)
      Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency, characterized by inadequate antibody responses and recurrent bacterial infections. Paradoxically, a majority of CVID patients have non-infectious inflammatory and autoimmune complications, associated with systemic immune activation. Our aim was to explore if HDL, known to have anti-inflammatory properties, ...
    • Lasting Immunological Imprint of Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Infection With Associations to Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Fatigue 

      Fevang, Børre; Wyller, Vegard Bruun Bratholm; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Pedersen, Maria; Asprusten, Tarjei Tørre; Michelsen, Annika Elisabet; Ueland, Thor; Otterdal, Kari (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-20)
      Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis (IM) that can lead to chronic fatigue syndrome. The CEBA-project (Chronic fatigue following acute EBV infection in Adolescents) has followed 200 patients with IM and here we present an immunological profiling of adolescents with IM related to clinical characteristics.<p> <p>Methods: Patients were sampled within 6 weeks of debut ...
    • A Nationwide Study of GATA2 Deficiency in Norway-the Majority of Patients Have Undergone Allo-HSCT 

      Jørgensen, Silje Fjellgård; Buechner, Jochen; Myhre, Anders E.; Galteland, Eivind; Spetalen, Signe; Kulseth, Mari Ann; Sorte, Hanne Sørmo; Holla, Øystein Lunde; Lundman, Emma; Alme, Charlotte; Heier, Ingvild; Flægstad, Trond; Fløisand, Yngvar; Benneche, Andreas; Fevang, Børre; Aukrust, Pål; Stray-Pedersen, Asbjørn; Gedde-Dahl, Tobias; Nordøy, Ingvild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-10)
      Purpose: GATA2 deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency that has become increasingly recognized due to improved molecular diagnostics and clinical awareness. The only cure for GATA2 deficiency is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The inconsistency of genotype-phenotype correlations makes the decision regarding "who and when" to transplant challenging. Despite ...
    • Omicron Variant Generates a Higher and More Sustained Viral Load in Nasopharynx and Saliva Than the Delta Variant of SARS-CoV-2 

      Granerud, Beathe Kiland; Ueland, Thor; Lind, Andreas; Søraas, Arne Vasli; Fevang, Børre; Steffensen, Anne Katrine; Al-Baldawi, Huda; Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof; Aukrust, Pål; Halvorsen, Bente Evy; Dahl, Tuva Børresdatter; Dudman, Susanne; Müller, Fredrik; Holter, Jan Cato (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-31)
      The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 spreads more easily than earlier variants, possibly as a result of a higher viral load in the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity. Hence, we investigated whether the Omicron variant generates a higher viral load than that of the Delta variant in saliva and nasopharynx. Both specimens were collected from 52 Omicron and 17 Delta cases at two time points one week ...
    • Persistent T-cell exhaustion in relation to prolonged pulmonary pathology and death after severe COVID-19: Results from two Norwegian cohort studies 

      Trøseid, Marius; Dahl, Tuva Børresdatter; Holter, Jan Cato; Kildal, Anders Benjamin; Murphy, Sarah Louise Mikalsen; Yang, Kuan; Quiles Jimenez, Ana Maria Teresa; Heggelund, Lars; Muller, Karl Erik; Tveita, Anders Aune; Michelsen, Annika Elisabet; Bøe, Simen; Holten, Aleksander Rygh; Hoel, Hedda Benedicte; Mathiessen, Alexander; Aaløkken, Trond Mogens; Fevang, Børre; Granerud, Beathe Kiland; Tonby, Kristian; Nezvalova-Henriksen, Katerina; Lerum, Tøri Vigeland; Müller, Fredrik; Skjønsberg, Ole Henning; Barratt-Due, Andreas; Riise, Anne Margarita Dyrhol; Aukrust, Pål; Halvorsen, Bente Evy; Ueland, Thor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-18)
      Background - T-cell activation is associated with an adverse outcome in COVID-19, but whether T-cell activation and exhaustion relate to persistent respiratory dysfunction and death is unknown.<p> <p>Objectives - To investigate whether T-cell activation and exhaustion persist and are associated with prolonged respiratory dysfunction and death after hospitalization for COVID-19.<p> <p>Methods ...
    • Raised Serum Markers of T Cell Activation and Exhaustion in Granulomatous-Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency 

      Fraz, Mai Sasaki Aanensen; Michelsen, Annika Elisabet; Moe, Natasha; Aaløkken, Trond Mogens; Macpherson, Magnhild Eide; Nordøy, Ingvild; Aukrust, Pål; Taraldsrud, Eli; Holm, Are Martin; Ueland, Thor; Jørgensen, Silje Fjellgård; Fevang, Børre (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-05)
      Purpose About 20–30% of patients with common variable immunodefciency (CVID) develop granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) as one of several non-infectious complications to their immunodefciency. The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that could distinguish GLILD from other non-infectious complications in CVID.<p> <p>Methods We analyzed serum biomarkers related ...
    • Rifaximin alters gut microbiota profile, but does not affect systemic inflammation - a randomized controlled trial in common variable immunodeficiency 

      Jørgensen, Silje Fjellgård; Macpherson, Magnhild Eide; Bjørnetrø, Tonje; Holm, Kristian; Kummen, Martin; Rashidi, Azita; Michelsen, Annika; Lekva, Tove; Halvorsen, Bente; Trøseid, Marius; Mollnes, Tom Eirik; Berge, Rolf Kristian; Yndestad, Arne; Ueland, Thor; Karlsen, Tom Hemming; Aukrust, Pål; Hov, Johannes Espolin Roksund; Fevang, Børre (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-17)
      Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients have reduced gut microbial diversity compared to healthy controls. The reduced diversity is associated with gut leakage, increased systemic inflammation and ten “key” bacteria that capture the gut dysbiosis (dysbiosis index) in CVID. Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum non-absorbable antibiotic known to reduce gut leakage (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) in liver ...
    • Soluble markers of neutrophil, T-cell and monocyte activation are associated with disease severity and parasitemia in falciparum malaria 

      Otterdal, Kari; Berg, Åse; Michelsen, Annika; Patel, Sam; Tellevik, Marit Gjerde; Haanshuus, Christel Gill; Fevang, Børre; Aukrust, Pål; Langeland, Nina; Ueland, Thor (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-18)
      <i><p>Background</i>: The immune response during P. falciparum infection is a two-edged sword, involving dysregulation of the inflammatory responses with several types of immune cells participating. Here we examined T-cell, monocyte/macrophage and neutrophil activation during P. falciparum infection by using soluble activation markers for these leukocyte subsets.</p> <i><p>Methods</i>: In a ...
    • Systemic complement activation is associated with respiratory failure in COVID-19 hospitalized patients 

      Holter, Jan Cato; Pischke, Soeren; de Boer, Eline; Lind, Andreas; Jenum, Synne; Holten, Aleksander Rygh; Tonby, Kristian; Barratt-Due, Andreas; Sokolova, Marina; Schjalm, Camilla; Chaban, Viktoriia; Kolderup, Anette; Tran, Trung; Tollefsrud Gjølberg, Torleif; Skeie, Linda Gail; Hesstvedt, Liv; Ormåsen, Vidar; Fevang, Børre; Austad, Cathrine; Muller, Karl Erik; Fladeby, Cathrine; Holberg-Petersen, Mona; Halvorsen, Bente; Müller, Fredrik; Aukrust, Pål; Dudman, Susanne Gjeruldsen; Ueland, Thor; Andersen, Jan Terje; Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof; Heggelund, Lars; Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Ma; Mollnes, Tom Eirik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-17)
      The new SARS-CoV-2 pandemic leads to COVID-19 with respiratory failure, substantial morbidity, and significant mortality. Overactivation of the innate immune response is postulated to trigger this detrimental process. The complement system is a key player in innate immunity. Despite a few reports of local complement activation, there is a lack of evidence that the degree of systemic complement ...